Rotundone: zinātne aiz “pipariem” vīnā - Winestealssd.com

Žurnāls: 2019. gada februāra izdevums

Izmantojot dažus vīnus, jums var piedot, domājot, ka kāds glāzītē viltīgi samalta piparus. Bet tam ir ļoti labs iemesls, saka Mets Velss ...

Kāda ir jūsu mīļākā smarža? Dažiem tā ir tikko pļauta zāle citiem, čalojošs bekons. Man tie ir svaigi malti melnie pipari. Es joprojām atceros pirmo reizi, kad kāds pievērsa manu uzmanību tā aromātam glāzē Rona Syrah kopš tā laika esmu bijis negausīgs. Bet tas nav tikai tas, ka Syrah laiku pa laikam smaržo pēc melnajiem pipariem - Syrah vīnogas satur tieši tādu pašu garšas savienojumu, kāds ir piparu sēklas, un tas izdzīvo fermentācijas procesu, lai nonāktu jūsu glāzē. Tā ir ķīmiska viela, ko sauc par rotundonu, un tās aizraujošās īpašības ir atklājušās tikai nesen.

Ritiniet uz leju, lai Mets izvēlētos sešus vīnus, lai iegūtu piparu garšu

{ 'Saturs': 'PHA + SW4gdGhlIGxhdGUgMTk5MHMsIHRoZSB0cmVuZCBpbiBBdXN0cmFsaWFuIFNoaXJheiBzdGFydGVkIHRvIG1vdmUgZnJvbSBhIGJvbGQsIHBvd2VyZnVsIHN0eWxlIHRvIGEgbW9yZSBlbGVnYW50LCBzcGljeSBvbmUuIFdpbmVtYWtlcnMgYmVnYW4gYXNraW5nIHRoZSBBdXN0cmFsaWFuIFdpbmUgUmVzZWFyY2ggSW5zdGl0dXRlIChBV1JJKSBob3cgdGhleSBtaWdodCBhY2NlbnR1YXRlIHRoZSBzcGljeSBlbGVtZW50IGluIHRoZWlyIHdpbmVzLiBJbiAxOTk5IEFXUkkgZGVjaWRlZCB0byBpbnZlc3RpZ2F0ZSwgYnV0IGl0IHRvb2sgdGhlbSB1bnRpbCAyMDA1IHRvIGlkZW50aWZ5IHRoZSBzb3VyY2Ugb2YgdGhpcyBwZXBwZXJ5IGFyb21hLiDigJhJdCB3YXMgcXVpdGUgYSBzaWduaWZpY2FudCBtb21lbnQgaW4gdGVybXMgb2YgZmxhdm91ciBjaGVtaXN0cnks4oCZIHNheXMgQ29uIFNpbW9zIGF0IEFXUkkuIOKAmFdlIGxldCBvdXIgcmVzZWFyY2hlcnMgaGF2ZSBhIGJpdCBvZiA8YSBocmVmPSJodHRwczovL3d3dy5kZWNhbnRlci5jb20vd2luZS93aW5lLXJlZ2lvbnMvY2hhbXBhZ25lLyIgdGFyZ2V0PSJfYmxhbmsiIHJlbD0ibm9vcGVuZXIiPkNoYW1wYWduZTwvYT4s4oCZIGhlIGFkZHMgd2l0aCBhIHdyeSBzbWlsZS5EYXZpZCBKZWZmZXJ5IGF0IEFXUkkgb2JzZXJ2ZXMgdGhhdCB0aGUgZGlzY292ZXJ5IHdhcyBkb3duIHRvIOKAmGEgY29tYmluYXRpb24gb2Ygc3RhZmYgZGVkaWNhdGlvbiwg YWR2YW5jZWQgaW5zdHJ1bWVudGFsIHRlY2huaXF1ZXMsIHNlcmVuZGlwaXR5LCBzeW50aGV0aWMgY2FwYWJpbGl0eSBhbmQgY29sbGFib3JhdGlvbuKAmS4gSGlzIHJlcG9ydCByZWZlcnMgdG8g4oCYZ2FzIGNocm9tYXRvZ3JhcGh5LW1hc3Mgc3BlY3Ryb21ldHJ5LW9sZmFjdG9tZXRyeeKAmSDigJMg4oCYYSB0ZWNobmljYWwgd2F5IG9mIHNheWluZyB0aGF0IGNvbXBvdW5kcyBpbiBncmFwZSBhbmQgd2luZSBzYW1wbGVzIHdlcmUgc2VwYXJhdGVkIG9uIGFuIGluc3RydW1lbnQgYW5kIHNuaWZmZWQu4oCZTmFtZWQgcm90dW5kb25lIGFzIGl0IHdhcyBmaXJzdCBpZGVudGlmaWVkIGluIGEgcGxhbnQgY2FsbGVkIG51dCBncmFzcyB3ZWVkIChDeXBlcnVzIHJvdHVuZHVzKSwgdGhpcyBuYXR1cmFsbHkgb2NjdXJyaW5nIGNoZW1pY2FsIGNvbXBvdW5kIGlzIG5vdyBiZWxpZXZlZCB0byBiZSB0aGUgY2F1c2Ugb2Yg4oCYcGVwcGVyaW5lc3PigJkgaW4gYWxsIHBsYW50cyB0aGF0IGRpc3BsYXkgdGhpcyBjaGFyYWN0ZXJpc3RpYywgaW4gdmFyeWluZyBjb25jZW50cmF0aW9ucy4gV2hpdGUgcGVwcGVyIGNvbnRhaW5zIGFyb3VuZCAyLDAyNSwwMDAgbmFub2dyYW1zIHBlciBraWxvZ3JhbSAobmcva2cpOyBibGFjayBwZXBwZXIgMSwyMDUsMDAwbmcva2c7IG1hcmpvcmFtIDIwOCwwMDBuZy9rZzsgcm9zZW1hcnkgODYsMDAwbmcva2c7IG9yZWdhbm8gMSwwMDBuZy9rZzsg4oCYcGVwcGVyeeKAmSBncmFwZXMganVzdCAxOTBu Zy9rZy4gVGhlIHNlbnNvcnkgdGhyZXNob2xkIGZvciBodW1hbnMgaXMgOG5nL2wgaW4gd2F0ZXIgb3IgMTZuZy9sIGluIHdpbmUuIEEgbmFub2dyYW0gaXMgb25lIGJpbGxpb250aCAoMS8xLDAwMCwwMDAsMDAwKSBvZiBhIGdyYW0gYnkgdGhlIHdheSDigJMgdGhlIGh1bWFuIG5vc2UgaXMgc2Vuc2l0aXZlLiBCdXQgbm90IGV2ZXJ5b25lIGNhbiBkZXRlY3QgaXQ6IDIwJSBvZiBwYW5lbGxpc3RzIGF0IEFXUkkgY291bGRu4oCZdCBzbWVsbCBpdCwgZXZlbiBhdCBoaWdoIGNvbmNlbnRyYXRpb25zLjwvcD4KPGgyPk15c3RlcnkgaW5ncmVkaWVudDwvaDI + 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 YXgtd2lkdGg6IDYzMHB4KSAxMDB2dywgNjMwcHgiIC8 + PHAgaWQ9ImNhcHRpb24tYXR0YWNobWVudC00MDY1MzgiIGNsYXNzPSJ3cC1jYXB0aW9uLXRleHQiPk1vdW50IExhbmdpIEdoaXJhbjwvcD48L2Rpdj4KPHA + PGRpdiBjbGFzcz0iYWQtY29udGFpbmVyIGFkLWNvbnRhaW5lci0tbW9iaWxlIj48ZGl2IGlkPSJwb3N0LWlubGluZS0yIiBjbGFzcz0iaXBjLWFkdmVydCI + PC9kaXY + PC9kaXY + 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 bmVzIHdpdGggaGlnaCByb3R1bmRvbmUgb25lIHllYXIgbWlnaHQgc2hvdyBubyBwZXBwZXJpbmVzcyB0aGUgZm9sbG93aW5nIHllYXIuIEFuZCBpdOKAmXMgbm90IGFsd2F5cyBwcmVkaWNhdGVkIG9uIHRoZSBoZWF0IG9mIHRoZSB2aW50YWdlLCBzbyB0aGVyZSBtdXN0IGJlIG90aGVyIGluZmx1ZW5jZXMuIEl04oCZcyBnZW5lcmFsbHkgYSBkZXNpcmFibGUgYXR0cmlidXRlLCBpZiBpdCBkb2VzbuKAmXQgZG9taW5hdGUgYSB3aW5lLCBzbyBpdCB0ZW5kcyB0byBiZSBzb21ldGhpbmcgd2luZW1ha2VycyBhcmUga2VlbiB0byBhY2NlbnR1YXRlLjwvcD4KPHA + 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 YWN0b3JzLjwvcD4KPGRpdiBjbGFzcz0iYWQtY29udGFpbmVyIGFkLWNvbnRhaW5lci0tbW9iaWxlIj48ZGl2IGlkPSJwb3N0LWlubGluZS0zIiBjbGFzcz0iaXBjLWFkdmVydCI + PC9kaXY + PC9kaXY + CjxwPuKAmFRoZSBsZW5ndGggb2YgdGltZSBiZXR3ZWVuIHZlcmFpc29uIGFuZCBoYXJ2ZXN0IGlzIGxvbmcgaGVyZSBjb21wYXJlZCB0byBtYW55IG90aGVyIEF1c3RyYWxpYW4gcmVnaW9ucy4gVGhlIHJvdHVuZG9uZSDigJxob3RzcG90c + 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 + TWF0dCBTdGFmZm9yZCwgY2hpZWYgd2luZW1ha2VyIGF0IENyYWdneSBSYW5nZSBpbiBIYXdrZeKAmXMgQmF5LCBOZXcg WmVhbGFuZCwgaGFzIGNhcnJpZWQgb3V0IGhpcyBvd24gcmVzZWFyY2ggb24gdGhlIGNvbXBvdW5kLiBIZSB3b3VsZCBhZGQgc2l0ZSBzZWxlY3Rpb24sIGNsb25hbCBzZWxlY3Rpb24sIGZydWl0IGV4cG9zdXJlIHRvIHN1bmxpZ2h0IGFuZCB2aW5lIGFnZSBhcyBjb250cmlidXRpbmcgZmFjdG9ycy4gRHVlIHRvIGl0cyBjYXByaWNpb3VzIG5hdHVyZSwgaG93ZXZlciwgaXTigJlzIGRpZmZpY3VsdCB0byBjb250cm9sIHdpdGggYW55IHByZWNpc2lvbi48L3A + CjxkaXYgY2xhc3M9ImFkLWNvbnRhaW5lciBhZC1jb250YWluZXItLW1vYmlsZSI + PGRpdiBpZD0icG9zdC1pbmxpbmUtNCIgY2xhc3M9ImlwYy1hZHZlcnQiPjwvZGl2PjwvZGl2Pgo8aDI + SW4gZ29vZCBtZWFzdXJlPC9oMj4KPHA + Q2FuIGEgd2luZSBjb250YWluIHRvbyBtdWNoPyBTaGVlaGFuIHRoaW5rcyBzby4g4oCYVG9vIG11Y2ggcm90dW5kb25lIGNhbiBtYWtlIHRoZSB3aW5lIHRvbyBtdWNoIG9mIGEg4oCcZnJlYWvigJ0gb3IgYSBub3ZlbHR5IHdpbmUs4oCZIGhlIHNheXMuIOKAmEl0IGlzIGNyaXRpY2FsIHRoYXQgdGhlIHJvdHVuZG9uZSBpcyBvbmx5IHRoZXJlIGFzIHBhcnQgb2YgYSBjb21wbGV4IGFycmF5IG9mIHByaW1hcnkgZnJ1aXQgY2hhcmFjdGVycyBhbmQgb3RoZXIgc3BpY2VzIGFuZCBmbGF2b3Vycy7igJkgTWF4aW1lIEdyYWlsbG90IGF0IERvbWFpbmUgZGVzIExpc2VzIGluIHRoZSBub3J0aGVybiBSaMO0bmUgYWdyZWVzLiBGb3Ig 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 + PC9kaXY + PC9kaXY + CjxwPk5leHQgdGltZSB5b3Ugb3BlbiBhIGJvdHRsZSBvZiBTeXJhaCwgc2VlIGlmIHlvdSBjYW4gc25pZmYgaXQgb3V0LjwvcD4KPHA + PGVtPk1hdHQgV2FsbHMgaXMgYSBEZWNhbnRlciBjb250cmlidXRpbmcgZWRpdG9yIGFuZCBEV1dBIFJlZ2lvbmFsIENoYWlyIGZvciB0aGUgUmjDtG5lPC9l bT48L3A + CjxwPgo = '}